Adolf Eichmann
Otto Adolf Eichmann[a] (19 Mayrnt 1906 – 1 June 1962), she fer oik Germaan-Austeyragh[1] jeh'n Phartee Natseeagh v'eh, chammah's fer oik 'sy Schutzstaffel (SS), as nane jeh reagheyderyn mooarey yn Deherree. Ghow eh ayrn ayns Cohaggloo Wannsee ayns Jerrey Geuree 1942, raad va cur-ayns-bree yn Eaysley Jerrinagh da Feysht ny h-Ewnyn plannit. Lurg shen, v'eh kiartit liorish SS-Obergruppenführer Reinhard Heydrich lesh cooney as stiurey yn losteeaght jeh mooar-eebyrtys ny millioonyn dy Ewnyn dys ghettoyn Natseeagh as campyn baaish Natseeagh feie'n Oarpey va fo cummaltys ny Germaanee. V'eh goit lesh ny Co-chaarjyn ayns 1945, agh ren eh scapail as darree eh dys yn Argenteen raad ren eh beaghey. Ayns Boaldyn 1960, ren y jantys fysseree Israelagh Mossad shirrey as gow eh, as chur ad eh er cooish leigh noi Ard-whaiyl Israel. S'mooar yn toilsheydaght ghow lesh cooish leigh Eichmann, as v'eh deyrit ayns Jerusalem as briwnys baaish lesh croghey currit da ayns 1962.
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Lurg drogh studeyrys 'sy scoill, ren Eichmann obbraghey rish tammylt beg lesh colught meaineraght e ayr 'syn Austeyr, raad darree e lught thie ayns 1914. Goaill toshiaght ayns 1927, ren eh obbraghey myr creckeyder ooill troailtagh, as hie eh stiagh 'sy Phartee Natseeagh as 'syn SS ayns 1932. Hie eh er-ash dys y Ghermaan ayns 1933, raad hie eh stiagh 'sy Sicherheitsdienst (SD, "Shirveish Hickyrys"); aynshen, v'eh pointit myr kione y rheynn va freggyrtagh er son cooishyn ny h-Ewnyn – yn arraghey magh er lheh, va ny Natseeyn greinnaghey lesh cooney yn raghlid as y vroo tarmaynagh. Lurg brishey magh y Nah Chaggey Dowanagh ayns Mean Fouyir 1939, ren Eichmann as e skimmee reaghey co-chruinnaghey ny h-Ewnyn ayns ghettoyn ayns ard-valjyn mooarey as ad jerkal dy vees ad ymmyrkit ny s'odjey shiar ny harrish y vooir. Chammah's shen, hayrn eh planyn cour thalloo freaylt Ewagh, hoshiaght ayns Nisko ayns shiar yiass y Pholynn as ny s'anmey ayns Madagascar, agh cha row ny planyn shen er n'yannoo.
Hoshee ny Natseeyn ruegey yn Unnaneys Soveidjagh er 22 Mean Souree 1941, as cheaghil nyn bolasee bentyn rish ny h-Ewnyn, veih arraghey magh fo co-eignaghey dys cur-gy-baase. As eh co-oardaghey plannal da'n chynney-ghunverys, ren curmeyder Eichmann, Reinhard Heydrich, cuirrey toshee reiree yn ream ec Cohaggloo Wannsee er 20 Jerrey Geuree 1942. Haggil Eichmann fysseree da, drastyl eh ec y chohaggloo, as daarlee eh ny mynimmeeaghtyn. Haink Eichmann as e skimmee dy ve freggyrtagh er son eebyrtys as ymmyrkey ny h-Ewnyn dys ny campyn baaish, raad va ny dreihyn currit gy baase lesh gas. Erreish da ren y Ghermaan cummal yn Ungaar ayns Mayrnt 1944, dreill Eichmann rick er eebyrtys shiartanse jeh'n phobble Ewagh. Va'n chooid smoo jeh ny dreihyn currit da sleih-champ Auschwitz, raad va mysh 75% jeu currit gy baase çhelleeragh lurg nyn roshtyn. Roish jerrey ny h-ymmyrkyn ayns Jerrey Souree 1944, va 437,000 ass 725,000 jeh Ewnyn yn Ungaar er ve currit gy baase. Vaggyr Dieter Wisliceny ec Nuremberg dy dooyrt Eichmann rish dy "lheimys eh stiagh 'syn oaie garaghtagh er yn oyr dy nee bun saasaght mooar ass towse yn ennaghtyn dy row queig millioonyn dy leih[b] er e chooinsheanse."[3]
Lurg castey yn Ghermaan ayns 1945, va Eichmann goit ec forsaghyn Americaanagh, agh ren eh scapail veih camp pryssoonaght as darree eh feie'n Ghermaan shaghney aa-ghoaill. Haink eh gys balley beg ayns Niedersachsen, raad ren eh beaghey derrey 1952 tra darree eh dys yn Argenteen lesh pabyryn foalsey hooar eh lesh cooney veih reagheydys va stiurit lesh yn aspick Catoleagh Alois Hudal. Ren fysseree va çhaglit ec Mossad, jantys fysseree Israel, shickyraghey e voayl beaghee ayns 1960. Ghow fwirran jantee Mossad as Shin Bet Eichmann cappee as chur ad eh gys Israel raad v'eh currit er cooish leigh er 15 cassidyn kimmee, goaill stiagh kimmeeyssyn caggee, kimmeeyssyn noi'n çheelnaue, as kimmeeyssyn noi'n phobble Ewagh. Car e chooish leigh, cha ren eh jiooldey yn Deherree ny e phaart 'sy reagheydys lesh, agh dooyrt eh nagh row eh agh cliaghtey ny saraghyn 'sy chorys ooilley-smaghtagh Führerprinzip. V'eh feddynit kyndagh er dagh cassid, as v'eh currit gy baase liorish croghey er 1 Mean Souree 1962.[c]
Jeeagh er neesht
reaghImraaghyn
reaghNoteyn
reagh- ↑ Lurg y chaggey, cha row shickyrys ayn bentyn rish e roie-enmyn. Ta e screeuyn ruggyree chammah as docamadyn veih'n eash Natseeagh shickyraghey dy nee "Otto Adolf" va'n ennym kiart echey. Stangneth 2014, dg. 427.
- ↑ Va eddyr 5 as 6 millioonyn dy Ewnyn Oarpagh currit gy baase 'sy Deherree.[2]
- ↑ Va'n cur-gy-baase aarlit dy ve jeant ec mean-oie er 31 Boaldyn, agh va cumrail veg ayn; myr shen, hooar Eichmann baase reggyryn dy vinnidyn lurg cassey yn laa er 1 Mean Souree.[4]
Symnaghyn
reagh- ↑ Geets 2011.
- ↑ Bauer & Rozett 1990, dgn. 1797, 1799.
- ↑ Stangneth 2014, dg. 297.
- ↑ Hull 1963, dg. 160.
Rolley lioaryn
reagh- Arendt, Hannah (1994) [1963]. Eichmann in Jerusalem: A Report on the Banality of Evil. New York: Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-018765-6.
- Bauer, Yehuda; Rozett, Robert (1990). "Appendix". Ayns Gutman, Israel (rd.). Encyclopedia of the Holocaust. New York: Macmillan Library Reference. dgn. 1797–1802. ISBN 978-0-02-896090-6.
- Geets, Siobhán (26 November 2011). "Wie Eichmann vom Österreicher zum Deutschen wurde". Die Presse (ayns German). Feddynit magh er 12 September 2021.
- "Hallaron pasaporte utilizado por Adolf Eichmann: será conservado en el Museo del Holocausto de Buenos Aires" (ayns Spanish). Fundacion Memoria Del Holocausto. Er ny hashtey veih yn lhieggan bunneydagh er 9 November 2007. Feddynit magh er 13 November 2013.
- Hull, William L. (1963). The Struggle for a Soul. New York: Doubleday. OCLC 561109771.
- Stangneth, Bettina (2014). Eichmann Before Jerusalem: The Unexamined Life of a Mass Murderer. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 978-0-307-95967-6.
Kianglaghyn magh
reagh
- Adolf Eichmann ec y United States Holocaust Memorial Museum website
- "Uncovering the Architect of the Holocaust: The CIA Names File on Adolf Eichmann" ec y National Security Archive, Ollooscoill George Washington
- Cesarani, David (17 Toshiaght Arree 2011). "Adolf Eichmann: The Mind of a War Criminal". BBC.