Cooyl-screeudeyr

She screeudeyr keirdey ta screeu fo ennym as scaa peiagh elley eh cooyl-screeudeyr. T'eh gobbraghey er faill soilsheyder, jantagh screeuee ny ughtar as screeu artyn, lioaryn ny kiaull er son peiagh elley. Dy cadjin, t'ad screeu hene-veashnyssyn ny collooghyn earishlioar fo ennym ennymoilagh ennagh gyn schlei screeuee dy liooar shen y yannoo, ny gyn traa dy liooar y clane obbyr y yannoo.^[1] Ta cooyl-screeu ry-akin ayns kiaull as ellyn ny keayrtyn.

Cha nee braddeeaght lettyraght ayn; ta braddeeaght çheet er ymmyd obbyr ta jeant hannah gyn kiart, agh ta cooyl-screeu jeant ass y noa er son y chooish t'ayn. Cha nel screeu fo ennym screeuee coontit myr cooyl-screeu noadyr.

Obbyr

Son y chooid smoo, ta cooyl-screeu ry-akin ayns obbyr ta croghey er ennym y screeudeyr enmyssit: hene-veashnyssyn, lioaryn aght keirdey liorish ard-ghelleyderyn, as oraidjyn politickagh. Ta lioaryn elley cooyl-screeuit myr nane jeh straih liorish ughtar ennoil. Ta kuse dy 'leih cadjin failley cooyl-screeudeyr ad y chooney dy screeu cooinaghtyn persoonagh da'n lught-thie. Chammah's shen, ta cooneyderyn post ec oikee, politickeyryn as ennymoilee t'ad y chooney liorish freggyrt screeuyn.

Ta laue y chooyl-screeudeyr 'syn obbyr croghey er y chooish. Ta kuse jeu reaghey, shareaghey as glenney draght ta screeuit ec yn ughtar enmyssit. Ny keayrtyn elley, t'ad screeu lane obbyr, faggys, rere cummey as eieyn yn ughtar. Ta ram obbyr ronsaghey jeant oc ny keayrtyn, myr sampleyr, dys cooyl-screeu hene-veashnys ennymoilagh ny lioar neufarskeealagh, ny dys screeu dy jeeragh rere blass as far-heihill ughtar far-skeealaght.

Dys cooyl-screeu hene-veashnys, t'ad co-akin marish yn ughtar enmyssit, co-obbree, caardjyn as lught-thie, as ronsaghey artyn, co-akinyn as recortyssyn elley. Dys screeu neufarskeealaght, t'ad co-akin yn ughtar as lhaih ny h-artyn, oraidjyn as co-akinyn ta jeant echey do beagh yn obbyr cooyl-screeuit rere barelyn, tuarym as blass yn ughtar.

Shimmey fa t'ayn ta sleih failley cooyl-screeudeyr er. S'goan ad ennymoilee ny sleih scanshoil as traa, smaght er hene as schlei screeuee dy liooar oc lioar y screeu. Ga dy vel kuse jeu screeu art ny oraid nish as reesht, foddee nagh vel oayllys oc er yn aght share lane lioar y chiaddey as reaghey do beagh eh anaasoil, resoonagh as er bieauid chooie. Ny keayrtyn elley, ta soilsheyder failley cooyl-screeudeyr lioaryn y screeu fo ennym ughtar mie er enney as creckeydagh. Ta shen lhiggey daue ny smoo lioaryn y chur magh fo ennym ughtar fondit as lhaihderyn jeean oc hannah.

Son y chooid smoo, ta meer 'sy chonaant eddyr y chooyl-screeudeyr as soilsheyder lhiettal y cooyl-screeudeyr veih cur enney er hene myr "feer screeudeyr" yn obbyr. Ny keayrtyn elley, t'eh goit rish liorish raa ennagh myr "marish..." ny "myr dinsh eh da...", liorish bwooise ayns goan foshlee, ny myr "cohoyrtagh" ny "coondeyder ronsee".

Ardjaghey

Ny keartyn, ta sheshaghtyn-dellal ny reagheydyssyn failley sleih noteyn y screeu da'n ynnyd-eggey ny blog oc rere ymmodee far-enmyn, jannoo arrish dy ve pobble cadjin. T'ad lhiggey er dy vel yn ynnyd-eggey foddey ny share er enney na vel eh dy feer, dy dy vel anaase ec ram sleih er cooish ennagh.

Cooyl-screeu ard-scoillaragh

Ny keayrtyn, ta sheshaghtyn dellal failley screeudeyryn keirdey dys screeu artyn, as breigey ny geeck scoillar ad y chur magh myr nyn obbyr hene.^[2] Ta shen ny haase mooinjerys pobblylagh^[noa] (public relations), as ta ymmyd jeant jeh dys shaghney leigh soilsheenee, jannoo beg jeh doilleeidyn troa ennagh, as moylley troa ny sheshaght noi troa sheshaghtyn elley.^[3]^[2]

Cooyl-screeu studeyragh

Ta shiartanse dy studeyryn failley cooyl-screeudeyr dys screeu traaght stiagh, traaghtyn imbee, traaghtyssyn as mynhraaghtyssyn. T'eh coontit myr braddeeaght lettyragh ad y chur stiagh. Ta mwyljyn traaghtey nyn sheshaghtyn-dellal ta çhebbal lheid yn obbyr.

Shaghney crossey oikoil

Ta kuse dy heeraghyn crossey ughtaryn t'er chur mee-haitnys er y reiltys t'ayn, ny er lught-reill keirdey ennagh, as ad y lhiettal veih soilshaghey. Ta kuse jeu shaghney shen liorish cur magh obbyr fo ennym ughtar elley. Myr sampleyr, va'n scannane Bridge on the River Kwai screeuit ec Carl Foreman as Michael Wilson, agh v'adsyn ayns lioar doo Hollywood. Hug ad enmys oikoil da Pierre Boulle, screeudeyr y noaskeeal va bun y scannane. Ayns 1984, erreish daue geddyn baase, ren yn Academy goaill rish ad dy oikoil liorish aundyr Oscar. Ta enmys oc er lhiegganyn jeianagh y scannane.

Jeeagh er

"Sockpuppet" (coontys ny enney foalsey er yn eddyr-voggyl)
"Astroturfing" (cur far-eddin bun ny çheerey er pleadeil t'er son dean politickagh, sheshoil ny traghtee dy firrinagh)
Obbyr faillee
Ennym screeuee
Karragheyder script

Imraaghyn

↑ Chris Baldick (2008). "ghost-writer", The Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms (Baarle). Oxford University Press.
↑ ^a ^b Ben Goldacre (2010-09-18). "Medical ghostwriters who build a brand" (Baarle). The Guardian. Guardian Media Group. Feddynit er 2011-09-14.
↑ Adriane J. Fugh-Berman. "The Haunting of Medical Journals: How Ghostwriting Sold “HRT”" (Baarle). PLoS Med 7 (9). doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000335. “Dozens of ghostwritten reviews and commentaries published in medical journals and supplements were used to promote unproven benefits and downplay harms of menopausal hormone therapy (HT), and to cast raloxifene and other competing therapies in a negative light.”

[1] Chris Baldick (2008). "ghost-writer", The Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms (Baarle). Oxford University Press.

[Goldacre-2] Ben Goldacre (2010-09-18). "Medical ghostwriters who build a brand" (Baarle). The Guardian. Guardian Media Group. Feddynit er 2011-09-14.

[Fugh-Berman-3] Adriane J. Fugh-Berman. "The Haunting of Medical Journals: How Ghostwriting Sold “HRT”" (Baarle). PLoS Med 7 (9). doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000335. “Dozens of ghostwritten reviews and commentaries published in medical journals and supplements were used to promote unproven benefits and downplay harms of menopausal hormone therapy (HT), and to cast raloxifene and other competing therapies in a negative light.”

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